The core of the issue is that our roads are designed with cars as the default and they have a hard time accommodating anything else. What grudging accommodation exists has made the alternative (motorcycles, bicycles, walking) so risky and unpleasant that few people would tolerate it. But bike-sharing cracked that equilibrium, and e-bikes shattered it. We are in an era of vehicular innovation, and our design and regulatory frameworks simply no longer fit.